What happens to radio frequency energy as it travels through different mediums?

Radio frequency energy interacts with the medium through which it travels in several ways, including refraction and absorption. As RF energy moves from one medium to another, its speed and direction can change based on the properties of the medium, leading to refraction. This effect is similar to how light bends when passing through materials like glass or water. Additionally, RF energy can be absorbed by different materials, which means some of its energy is converted into heat rather than continuing to propagate. This phenomenon plays a significant role in various applications, including radar and telecommunications, as different materials will have varying levels of impact on RF signal strength and clarity.

The other options do not accurately describe the behavior of RF energy. Though some RF energy can be absorbed in certain mediums, stating that it is always absorbed completely fails to recognize the diversity of interactions. The assertion that RF energy is unaffected by medium neglects the fundamental principles of wave propagation and the known effects of materials on RF signals. Lastly, while RF energy can travel through the atmosphere, it is not limited to this medium; it can also propagate through solids and liquids, making that option too restrictive.